Observing the Shabbath is something for believers in the Messiah:
Let us therefore fear, lest a promise being left us of entering into his rest, any of you should seem to come short of it. 2 For unto us was the Besorah preached, as well as unto them: but the word preached did not profit them, not being mixed with faith in them that heard it. 3 For we which have believed do enter into rest, as he said, As I have sworn in my wrath, if they shall enter into my rest: although the works were finished from the foundation of the world. 4 For he spoke in a certain place of the seventh day on this wise, And Elohiym did rest the seventh day from all his works. 5 And in this place again, If they shall enter into my rest.
6 Seeing therefore it remains that some must enter therein, and they to whom it was first preached entered not in because of unbelief: 7 Again, he limits a certain day, saying in David: Today, after so long a time as it is said, Today if you will hear his voice, harden not your hearts. 8 For inasmuch as on this day Yahusha rested, he would not have spoken afterward of a different day. 9 There remains therefore a Shabbath for the people of Elohiym.
Ivriym (Hebrews) 4:1-9
The sign of Yahuah is the observance of the sabbath.
I am Yahuah Elohaykem; walk in my statutes, and guard my judgments, and do them; 20 And hallow my Shabbaths; and they shall be a sign between me and you, that you may know that I am Yahuah Elohaykem.
Yekhezq’el (Ezekiel) 20:19-20
Guarding the sabbath is a command handwritten by Yah.
These words [the Ten Commandments] Yahuah spoke unto all your assembly in the Mount out of the midst of the fire, of the cloud, and of the thick darkness, with a great voice: and he added no more. And he wrote them on two caphire stones and delivered them unto me.
Devariym (Deuteronomy) 5:22
Guard the day of the Shabbath; to sanctify it as Yahuah Elohayka has commanded you. 13 Six days you shall labor and do all your work: 14 But the seventh day is the Shabbath of Yahuah Elohayka: in it you shall not do any work, you, nor your son, nor your daughter, nor your manservant, nor your maidservant, nor your ox, nor your ass, nor any of your cattle, nor your stranger that is within your gates; that your manservant and your maidservant may rest as well as you. 15 And remember that you were a servant in the land of Mitsrayim, and that Yahuah Elohayka brought you out thence through a mighty hand and by a stretched-out arm: therefore, Yahuah Elohayka commanded you to keep the day of Shabbath.
Devariym (Deuteronomy) 5:12-15
Did the Messiah observe the Sabbath?
And he came to Natsareth, where he had been brought up: and, as his custom was, he went into the synagogue on the Shabbath and stood up to read.
Luqas (Luke) 4:16
Are the followers of the Messiah called to observe the Shabbath? Consider the words of James the Just (Ya’aqov Tsadiq) in the book of Acts.
But that we write unto them, that they abstain from pollutions of idols, and from fornication, and from things strangled, and from blood. 21 For Mosheh of old time has in every city those who preach him, being read in the synagogues every Shabbath.
Ma’asiym (Acts) 15:20-21
What of the feasts?
The feasts are seven, and they are described in Leviticus 23. They include the Passover (Pecach), the feast of Unleavened Bread (Matstsah), the feast of the Wave Offering (Qatsiyr); Pentecost (Shevu’oth); the feast of Trumpets (Yom Teruah); the feast of Atonement (Yom Kippuriym); and the feast of Tabernacles (Sukkoth).
The last supper correctly observed the Passover.
The messiah removed all of the “leaven” from the house just prior to the onset of the feast of Unleavened Bread.
The messiah was the Wave Offering of First Fruits of Qatsiyr.
The ecclesia of the faith in the Messiah was born on Pentecost – the day which coincided with the delivery of the Old Covenant on Mt. Horeb.
The true calendar is ascertained on the Feasts of Trumpets, applicable to our understanding of the same:
And David said unto El־Yahunathan: Behold, tomorrow is the New Moon, and I should not fail to sit with the king to eat: but let me go, that I may hide myself in the field unto the third day at evening.
Shemu’el Rishon (1 Samuel) 20:5
Blow the shofar on the dark New Moon today on our solemn feast.
Tehilliym (Psalm) 81:3
The day of Atonement is also significant to the calendar, as it is the day when the Jubilee year is to be proclaimed. Traditionally, there is a fast which begins in the long “days of awe” which begin on the first day of the sixth month and continue for 40 days leading to the days of atonement.
And Yahusha, being full of the Ruach Ha’Qodesh, returned from the Yardan and was led by the Ruach into the wilderness, 2 Being forty days tempted by Diabolos. And in those days, he did eat nothing: and when they were ended, he afterward hungered.
Luqas (Luke) 4:1-2
Here we see the Messiah fasting for forty days. When this is finished, we see the following:
And he came to Natsareth, where he had been brought up: and, as his custom was, he went into the synagogue on the Shabbath and stood up to read. 17 And there was delivered unto him the cepher of the prophet Yesha`yahu. And when he had opened the cepher, he found the place where it was written:
18 The Ruach Adonai Yahuah is upon me, because he has anointed me to preach the Besorah to the poor; he has sent me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised, 19 To preach the acceptable year of Yahuah.
Luqas (Luke) 4:16-19
So we see Yahusha engaging in a forty-day fast which precedes his appearance at the Synagogue, and when he arrives, he declares the “acceptable year of Yahuah.” In this discourse, we see the Messiah practicing the long days of awe, followed by an appearance in the Synagogue (as was his custom), and declaring the acceptable year (the Jubilee) on Yom Kippur. This day of covering applies to us believers in two ways: We are called to a self-accounting, if you will (a “soul audit”) in preparation for the Feast of Tabernacles.
The gospel of Luke discloses the birthdate of the Messiah.
There was in the days of Herod, the king of Yahud, a certain priest named Zakaryahu, of the course of Aviyahu: and his woman was of the daughters of Aharon, and her name was Eliysheva.
Luqas (Luke) 1:5
The courses of the priesthood are laid out in 1 Chronicles 24:
Now the first lot came forth to Yahuyariyv, the second to Yeda`yah, 8 The third to Charim, the fourth to Se`oriym, 9 The fifth to Malkiyahu, the sixth to Miyamiyn, 10 The seventh to Haqqots, the eighth to Aviyahu, 11 The ninth to Yeshua, the tenth to Shekanyahu, 12 The eleventh to Elyashiyv, the twelfth to Yaqiym, 13 The thirteenth to Chuppah, the fourteenth to Yeshev’av, 14 The fifteenth to Bilgah, the sixteenth to Immer, 15 The seventeenth to Cheziyr, the eighteenth to Hapitstsets, 16 The nineteenth to Pethachyah, the twentieth to Yechezq’el, 17 The one and twentieth to Yakiyn, the two and twentieth to Gamul, 18 The three and twentieth to Delayahu, the four and twentieth to Ma`azyahu. 19 These were the orderings of them in their service to come into the house of Yahuah, according to their manner, under Aharon their father, as Yahuah Elohai of Yashar’el had commanded him.
Divrei Hayamiym Ri’shon (1 Chronicles) 24:7-19
Contrary to rabbinical teaching, these courses began with the first Shabbat - the Shabbat contained within the Feast of Unleavened Bread (somewhere between the 15th and the 21st day of the first month). Each course would go from Shabbat to Shabbat, placing the course of Aviyahu beginning in the week of Shavu’oth (Pentecost).
And it came to pass, that, as soon as the days of his ministration were accomplished, he departed to his own house. 24 And after those days his woman Eliysheva conceived, and hid herself five months, saying: 25 Thus has Yah dealt with me in the days wherein he looked on me, to take away my reproach among men.
Luqas (Luke) 1:23-25
Eliysheva then conceived somewhere between the 11th and 14th week following the first day of the year, placing the birth of Yochanon the Immerser (John the Baptist) in the first month of the Hebrew year, somewhere between the 1st day of the month and the 15th day of the month. There is reason to believe it was the 15th day of the month, as it was under a lunar eclipse and marked the first day of the Feast of Unleavened Bread. Mashiach is born exactly six months later, on the first day of the Feast of Tabernacles.
And the Word was made flesh, and tabernacled among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the yachiyd of the Father,) full of grace and truth.
Yochanon (John) 1:14
The Feast of Tabernacles celebrates the birthday of Yahusha.
Luqas goes on to tell us that Mashiach would be circumcised on the eighth day.
And when eight days were accomplished for the circumcising of the child, his name was called Yahusha, which was so named of the angel before he was conceived in the womb.
Luqas (Luke) 2:21
Because he was presented on this day, two witnesses declared him:
And, behold, there was a man in Yerushalayim, whose name was Shim`on; and the same man was just and devout, waiting for the consolation of Yashar’el: and the Ruach Ha’Qodesh was upon him. 26 And it was revealed unto him by the Ruach Ha’Qodesh, that he should not see death, before he had seen Yahuah’s Mashiach. 27 And he came by the Ruach into the Temple: and when the parents brought in the child Yahusha, to do for him according to the customary practices of the Torah, 28 Then took he him up in his arms, and blessed Elohiym, and said, 29 Yahuah, now let your servant depart in peace, according to your word: 30 For my eyes have seen your deliverance, 31 Which you have prepared before the face of all people; 32 A light to lighten the other nations, and the glory of your people Yashar’el.
Luqas (Luke) 2:25-31
And there was one Channah, a prophetess, the daughter of Penu’el, of the tribe of Asher: she was of a great age and had lived with a man seven years from her virginity; 37 And she was a widow of about fourscore and four years, which departed not from the Temple, but served Elohiym with fasting and prayers night and day. 38 And she, coming in that instant gave thanks likewise unto Yahuah, and spoke of him to all them that looked for redemption in Yerushalayim.
Luqas (Luke) 2:36-38
We should also observe the New Moon.
And it shall come to pass, that from New Moon to his New Moon, and from Shabbath to his Shabbath, shall all flesh come to worship before me, says Yahuah.
Yesha’yahu (Isaiah) 66:23
Thus says Adonai Yahuah; The gate of the inner court that looks toward the east shall be shut the six working days; but on the Shabbath it shall be opened, and on the day of the New Moon it shall be opened.
Yechezq’el (Ezekiel) 46:1
At that time, it (the moon) appears and becomes to you the beginning of the month. Thirty days with the sun in the gate from which the sun goes forth.
Chanoch (Enoch) 73:5
And on the New Moon of the first month, and on the New Moon of the fourth month, and on the New Moon of the seventh month, and on the New Moon of the tenth month are the days of remembrance, and the days of the seasons in the four divisions of the year. These are written and ordained as a testimony forever.
Yovheliym (Jubilees) 6:23
Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink, or in respect of a feast day, or of the New Moon, or of the Shabbaths: 17 Which are a shadow of things to come for the body of Mashiach.
Qolasiym (Colossians) 2:16-17
Finally, there is the Last Great Day.
Seven days you shall offer an offering made by fire unto Yahuah: on the eighth day shall be a holy assembly unto you; and you shall offer an offering made by fire unto Yahuah: it is a solemn assembly; and you shall do no servile work therein.
Vayiqra (Leviticus) 23:36
The eighth day, by this designation, is a high sabbath when no servile work can be done.
On the eighth day, you shall have a solemn assembly: you shall do no servile work therein:
Bemidbar (Numbers) 29:35
But is this respected in the Brit Chadasha?
In the last day, that great day of the feast, Yahusha stood and cried, saying: If any man thirst, let him come unto me, and drink. 38 He that believes in me, as the Scripture has said, out of his belly shall flow rivers of living water.
Yochanon (John) 7:37-38
Beside the Shabbaths of Yahuah, and beside your gifts, and beside all your vows, and beside all your freewill offerings, which you give unto Yahuah. 39 Also on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when you have gathered in the fruit of the land, you shall keep a feast unto Yahuah seven days: on the first day shall be a Shabbath, and on the eighth day shall be a Shabbath. 40 And you shall take you on the first day the boughs of goodly trees, branches of palm trees, and the boughs of thick trees, and willows of the brook; and you shall rejoice before Yahuah Elohaykem seven days. 41 And you shall keep it a feast unto Yahuah seven days in the year. It shall be a statute forever in your generations: you shall celebrate it in the seventh month. 42 You shall dwell in cukkoth seven days; all that are Yashar’el born shall dwell in cukkoth: 43 That your generations may know that I made the children of Yashar’el to dwell in cukkoth, when I brought them out of the land of Mitsrayim: I am Yahuah Elohaykem. 44 And Mosheh declared unto the children of Yashar’el the feasts of Yahuah.
Vayiqra (Leviticus) 23:30-44
The feasts are for us.